Just information for the Veeam community members.
If your Scan Backup Job with Veeam Threat Hunter ends with the error "Unable to perform scan: threat signatures database is missing" and your Veeam Mount server is behind an internet HTTP proxy, wait for the next minor version of VBR, or contact support, they have a temporary workaround.
Statement from support
At the moment, signature updates do not work properly when an HTTP proxy is used - this is a confirmed issue that was found recently, and it is planned to be addressed in the next minor patch 12.3.1.